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Transportation of heavy goods is a popular service for the transportation of industrial equipment.
To speed up and simplify the installation process, large-node assembly is often used.
Individual parts of the unit can be assembled on a separate site or in the shops of the manufacturer.
Some components cannot be mounted without expensive and unique special equipment, so their assembly is made only by the seller, which can cause difficulties in delivering the finished structure to the installation site due to non-standard size and large weight.
Logistics in this case is calculated very carefully taking into account the territorial features.
If long-distance transportation is necessary, different modes of transport are used:
- Railway - the most economical and universal type, the restriction on the use of which imposes the need for railways;
- Water is able to carry especially large and heavy cargoes, rigging works are well established in sea and river ports during loading and unloading of ships;
- Aviation is the most expensive, but able to quickly deliver equipment to the most remote areas;
- Road – used for the transportation of goods at distances up to 300 km from the supplier plant or in combination with other modes of transport from the transshipment site.
It should be borne in mind that the cost of transporting superheavy cargo is quite expensive and requires the use of numerous resources. This significantly increases the total cost of the equipment supplied.
Freight prepared and packed at the factory must be loaded on one of the modes of transport. Most often, it is required to deliver it from work sites to the port or railway station by car. Upon arrival at the terminal station (port), you will again need to reload to the vehicle, which will deliver the cargo to the recipient.
For superheavy units, installation directly from the vehicle is possible, which saves time and costs for additional rigging work. But this is not always technically possible, because it is necessary to equip special warehouses located near the installation site, designed for unloading, storage until the installation, if necessary, preparation.
From the storage site, options for moving equipment to the assembly site should be provided. For these purposes, special tractors are used, portal lifts are installed. The type of equipment used depends on the conditions on the site, the possibility of unimpeded delivery of cargo for installation.
To carry out such complex works, a project is usually drawn up, the optimal use of various modes of transport is determined, their docking and rigging are calculated and organized in places of congestion, detours are equipped, existing roads are strengthened, if necessary, non-standard engineering solutions for overcoming obstacles on the way are found.
In different conditions, for the movement of units can be used forklifts, mobile cranes or pipelayers, designed for a large weight of the structure. In some industries, such as petrochemical, energy, metallurgical, individual turbines and reactors can weigh more than tons. Special railway transporters can be used for their transportation, and when driving on roads – road trains and cars with trailers.